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Bone Induction by Implants Coated with Cultured Osteogenic Bone Marrow Cells

Biomaterials Research Group Leiden University, IsoTis BV Professor Bronkhorstlaan 10 3723 MB Bilthoven The Netherlands

Ineke Van Den Brink

Biomaterials Research Group Leiden University, IsoTis BV Professor Bronkhorstlaan 10 3723 MB Bilthoven The Netherlands

Sandra Mendes

IsoTis BV Professor Bronkhorstlaan 10 3723 MB Bilthoven The Netherlands

Robert Dekker

IsoTis BV Professor Bronkhorstlaan 10 3723 MB Bilthoven The Netherlands

Yvonne P. Bovell

IsoTis BV Professor Bronkhorstlaan 10 3723 MB Bilthoven The Netherlands

Clemens A. Van Blitterswijk

Biomaterials Research Group Leiden University, IsoTis BV Professor Bronkhorstlaan 10 3723 MB Bilthoven The Netherlands

The availability of osteoinductive coatings on dental and orthopedic implants will result in an improved fixation of these devices. Those cases where implants are placed in poor-quality bone or where high failure rates are obtained are especially expected to gain from such coatings. This paper presents a novel, biological approach to obtain bioactive and osteoinductive coatings on bone-replacement implant materials. This so-called tissue engineering approach utilizes osteogenic bone marrow cells that are cultured on an implant material to form a bone-like tissue. The implant materials used herein included porous calcium phosphate scaffolds and metallic plates, the latter of which were coated with a biomimetic calcium phosphate coating to facilitate cellular attachment. Bone marrow cells were obtained from a variety of species, including humans, and were grown to facilitate cellular proliferation. The cells were subsequently seeded onto the implants and cultured for an additional week to facilitate osteogenic differentiation and extracellular matrix production. The resulting hybrid implants, encompassing the biomaterial carrier and cultured bone-like tissue, were subsequently implanted subcutaneously in nude mice for 4 weeks, followed by histological examination for de novo bone formation. The results revealed that newly formed bone was seen both in porous implants and on flat metallic surfaces. This bone tissue engineering approach, therefore, offers great potential to enhance bony healing around implants in a compromised bone bed.

Key Words: Tissue engineering • calcium phosphates • bone marrow • bone induction • culture.

Advances in Dental Research, Vol. 13, No. 1, 74-81 (1999)
DOI: 10.1177/08959374990130011801


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