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Advances in Dental Research
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Adv Dent Res 13:130-135, June, 1999
© 1999 SAGE Publications

Influence of Inflammatory Reactions Vs. Occlusal Loading On Peri-Implant Marginal Bone Level

D. Van Steenberghe

Department of Periodontology Catholic University Leuven Faculty of Medicine School of Dentistry, Oral Pathology and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Kapucijnenvoer 33 B-3000 Leuven, Belgium, Holder of the Branemark Chair in Osseointegration Catholic University Leuven Faculty of Medicine School of Dentistry, Oral Pathology and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Kapucijnenvoer 33 B-3000 Leuven, Belgium

I. Naert

Department of Prosthetic Dentistry Catholic University Leuven Faculty of Medicine School of Dentistry, Oral Pathology and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Kapucijnenvoer 33 B-3000 Leuven, Belgium

R. Jacobs

Department of Periodontology Catholic University Leuven Faculty of Medicine School of Dentistry, Oral Pathology and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Kapucijnenvoer 33 B-3000 Leuven, Belgium

M. Quirynen

Department of Periodontology Catholic University Leuven Faculty of Medicine School of Dentistry, Oral Pathology and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Kapucijnenvoer 33 B-3000 Leuven, Belgium

Plaque accumulation on abutments or implant surfaces induces an inflammatory reaction in the gingiva/alveolar mucosa just as around teeth. The longevity of oral implants can be jeopardized by either peri-implantitis and/or an occlusal overload. In the partially edentulous patient in whom pockets around teeth act as a reservoir for the colonization of the pockets around implants, the risk for inflammatory reactions of the peri-implant soft tissues seems especially more plausible than in the fully edentulous patient. This is especially true for implants with a very rough surface (e.g., plasma-sprayed), because of the positive relationship between surface roughness and supra- as well as subgingival plaque formation. Several medium-term (from 5 to 10 years) clinical studies support this hypothesis, through the observation of ongoing bone loss and subsequent decreasing success/survival percentages. Occlusal overload increases the risk for microfractures at the implant-bone interface in two-stage implants, which can result in significant marginal bone loss and even failure. There is ample evidence that occlusal factors are related to marginal angular defects around two-stage implants.

Key Words: Dental implants • osseointegration • occlusion • peri-implantitis.

Advances in Dental Research, Vol. 13, No. 1, 130-135 (1999)
DOI: 10.1177/08959374990130010201
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[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]